Steps in Science Investigations - M1
Prepared By: Maria Johanna Baguio Testa
Steps in Scientific Investigations
How do we obtain scientific knowledge?
Answer: We obtain scientific knowledge by carrying out scientific investigations.
Scientific Investigation - is a series of steps done systematically to study a problem or an event.
*systematic (synonyms) - orderly, methodical, structured, well ordered.
*Science is a systematic study of nature.
Science Process Skills:
- Observing - using the five senses (sight, smell, touch, taste, hearing) to gather information on things or phenomena.
- Making hypothesis (สมมติฐาน) - making a general statement about the relationship between the manipulated variables and the responding variable to explain an event or observation. This statement can be tested to determine its validity.
- Experimenting - planning and conducting an investigation to test a hypothesis, collecting data, interpreting data until a conclusion is made.
Steps in Scientific Investigation
- Observation - Becoming aware of a natural phenomenon that you would like to investigate.
- Research - Gather as much data as possible about the phenomenon under investigation.
- Formulating Hypothesis - Formulate a tentative, natural, and rational explanation about the phenomenon.
- Prediction - Design an experiment by imagining the different ways you can manipulate the variables.
- Experimentation - Conduct an actual experiment.
- Conclusion - Summarize the experimental results and how they match your hypothesis.
Controlling Variables:
- Independent variable (Manipulated variable) - one thing you change.
- Dependent variable (Responding variable) - the change that happens because of the independent variable.
- Controlled variable - it remains constant (no change).
Example (Refer to the Slide)
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